Developmental Milestones

What Are Developmental Milestones?

Developmental milestones are skills and behaviors that most children reach by a certain age. They include physical, cognitive, social, and language abilities. Every child develops at their own pace, but milestones help track progress and identify potential concerns early.

Milestone Categories

Cognitive – Problem-solving, learning, and memory skills

Language & Communication – Understanding and using words

Motor Skills – Movements like crawling, walking, and grasping

Social & Emotional – Interactions, play, and expressing emotions

Developmental Milestones by Age

0-6 Months

• Smiles at people (by 2 months)
• Coos and babbles (by 4 months)
• Follows objects with eyes
• Rolls over (by 4-6 months)
• Reaches for toys and brings them to mouth

6-12 Months

• Sits without support (by 6-9 months)
• Crawls (by 9 months)
• Pulls to stand (by 10-12 months)
• Says “mama” or “dada” (by 9-12 months)
• Responds to their name
• Waves “bye-bye”

12-18 Months

• Takes first steps (by 12-15 months)
• Says 3-5 words
• Points to objects they want
• Starts to scribble with a crayon
• Imitates gestures like clapping

18-24 Months

• Walks steadily and starts running
• Says at least 20 words
• Begins simple pretend play (feeds a doll)
• Stacks 2-4 blocks
• Follows simple directions (“Give me the ball”)

2-3 Years

• Speaks in short phrases (2-4 words)
• Kicks a ball and starts jumping
• Uses a spoon independently
• Shows more emotions (hugs, tantrums)
• Begins potty training (varies by child)

3-4 Years

• Talks in full sentences
• Draws circles & simple shapes
• Climbs, jumps, and runs well
• Plays well with other kids
• Knows basic colors & numbers

4-5 Years

• Tells a simple story
• Hops on one foot
• Knows letters and numbers
• Uses scissors
• Understands rules in games

When to Talk to Your Pediatrician

If your child is:

•  Not smiling by 3 months
• Not sitting by 9 months
• Not saying any words by 18 months
• Not walking by 18 months
• Losing skills they previously had

Supporting Your Child’s Development

• Talk and read to your baby daily
• Sing songs and play interactive games (peek-a-boo, pat-a-cake)
• Provide a safe space to explore and move
• Encourage social play with siblings or friends

Every Child Develops at Their Own Pace!

If you have concerns, don’t wait—early intervention can help! Your pediatrician can guide you on next steps.

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